Diffraction
Q. What is the relationship between the slit separation and the angle of diffraction in a double-slit experiment?
A.
Directly proportional
B.
Inversely proportional
C.
No relationship
D.
Quadratic relationship
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Solution
The angle of diffraction is inversely proportional to the slit separation; as the slit separation increases, the angle decreases.
Correct Answer: B — Inversely proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between the slit width and the angle of diffraction in a single-slit experiment?
A.
Directly proportional
B.
Inversely proportional
C.
No relationship
D.
Exponential relationship
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Solution
The angle of diffraction is inversely proportional to the slit width; as the slit width decreases, the angle increases.
Correct Answer: B — Inversely proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between the slit width and the angular position of the first minimum in single-slit diffraction?
A.
Directly proportional
B.
Inversely proportional
C.
No relationship
D.
Exponential relationship
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Solution
The angular position of the first minimum is inversely proportional to the slit width; as the slit width decreases, the angle increases.
Correct Answer: B — Inversely proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between the slit width and the angular width of the central maximum in single-slit diffraction?
A.
Directly proportional
B.
Inversely proportional
C.
Independent
D.
Exponential
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Solution
The angular width of the central maximum is inversely proportional to the slit width; as the slit width increases, the angular width decreases.
Correct Answer: B — Inversely proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between the wavelength of light and the angle of diffraction in a diffraction grating?
A.
Longer wavelengths diffract less
B.
Longer wavelengths diffract more
C.
Wavelength has no effect
D.
Only the slit width matters
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Solution
Longer wavelengths diffract more, leading to larger angles of diffraction in a diffraction grating.
Correct Answer: B — Longer wavelengths diffract more
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Q. What type of diffraction occurs when light passes through a circular aperture?
A.
Single-slit diffraction
B.
Double-slit diffraction
C.
Fresnel diffraction
D.
Fraunhofer diffraction
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Solution
When light passes through a circular aperture, it exhibits Fresnel diffraction, characterized by a pattern of concentric rings.
Correct Answer: C — Fresnel diffraction
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Q. What type of diffraction pattern is produced by a circular aperture?
A.
Single slit pattern
B.
Double slit pattern
C.
Airy pattern
D.
Uniform pattern
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Solution
A circular aperture produces an Airy pattern, characterized by a central bright spot surrounded by concentric dark and bright rings.
Correct Answer: C — Airy pattern
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Q. Which of the following best describes the effect of a larger slit width on the diffraction pattern?
A.
More pronounced diffraction
B.
Less pronounced diffraction
C.
No diffraction
D.
Increased number of fringes
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Solution
A larger slit width results in less pronounced diffraction, leading to a narrower central maximum.
Correct Answer: B — Less pronounced diffraction
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Q. Which of the following best describes the term 'angular width' of a diffraction maximum?
A.
The distance between two adjacent maxima
B.
The angle subtended by the maximum at the source
C.
The width of the maximum on a screen
D.
The angle between the first minimum and the central maximum
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Solution
The angular width of a diffraction maximum is defined as the angle between the first minimum on either side of the central maximum.
Correct Answer: D — The angle between the first minimum and the central maximum
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Q. Which of the following equations represents the condition for the first minimum in single-slit diffraction?
A.
a sin(θ) = mλ
B.
a sin(θ) = (m + 0.5)λ
C.
a sin(θ) = (m + 1)λ
D.
a sin(θ) = 0
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Solution
The condition for the first minimum in single-slit diffraction is given by a sin(θ) = mλ, where m = 1 for the first minimum.
Correct Answer: A — a sin(θ) = mλ
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Q. Which of the following equations represents the condition for the first minimum in a single-slit diffraction pattern?
A.
a sin(θ) = λ
B.
a sin(θ) = 2λ
C.
a sin(θ) = 3λ
D.
a sin(θ) = 0
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Solution
The condition for the first minimum in a single-slit diffraction pattern is given by a sin(θ) = λ, where 'a' is the slit width and 'λ' is the wavelength.
Correct Answer: A — a sin(θ) = λ
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Q. Which of the following is a practical application of diffraction?
A.
Optical instruments
B.
Radio transmission
C.
Medical imaging
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Diffraction is utilized in various applications including optical instruments, radio transmission, and medical imaging.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following phenomena is a direct result of diffraction?
A.
Interference
B.
Polarization
C.
Refraction
D.
Reflection
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Solution
Diffraction is a phenomenon that leads to interference patterns, as it involves the bending of waves around obstacles.
Correct Answer: A — Interference
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Q. Which of the following statements about diffraction gratings is true?
A.
They can only produce first-order maxima
B.
They can produce multiple orders of maxima
C.
They do not produce any maxima
D.
They only work with monochromatic light
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Solution
Diffraction gratings can produce multiple orders of maxima due to the constructive interference of light waves.
Correct Answer: B — They can produce multiple orders of maxima
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Q. Which of the following statements about diffraction is true?
A.
Diffraction can occur with any type of wave
B.
Diffraction only occurs with sound waves
C.
Diffraction is only observed in light waves
D.
Diffraction is a phenomenon exclusive to electromagnetic waves
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Solution
Diffraction can occur with any type of wave, including sound, light, and water waves.
Correct Answer: A — Diffraction can occur with any type of wave
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Q. Which type of diffraction pattern is produced by a circular aperture?
A.
Single-slit pattern
B.
Double-slit pattern
C.
Airy pattern
D.
Newton's rings
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Solution
A circular aperture produces an Airy pattern, characterized by a central bright spot surrounded by concentric dark and bright rings.
Correct Answer: C — Airy pattern
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