Data replication in a distributed database ensures data consistency across all nodes by maintaining copies of the same data in multiple locations.

Partitioning refers to dividing data into smaller, manageable pieces to improve performance and manageability in distributed databases.

Network latency is a common challenge in distributed databases as it can affect the speed and efficiency of data access and transactions.

A distributed database is a database that is spread across multiple locations, which can be on different servers or geographical locations.

A federated database system is a collection of autonomous databases that appear as one, allowing for distributed data access while maintaining individual database autonomy.

Indexing in a distributed database is used to speed up data retrieval by creating a data structure that allows for faster searches.

The transaction manager in a distributed database ensures that ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) are maintained across distributed transactions.

Improved data access speed is a benefit of distributed databases as they can provide faster access to data by locating it closer to the user.

Two-phase locking is a method for concurrency control in distributed databases that helps prevent conflicts when multiple transactions access the same data.

Centralized is not a type of distributed database architecture; it refers to a database that is managed from a single location.