Mix Design Principles - Advanced Concepts
Q. In mix design, what does the term 'target mean strength' refer to?
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A.
The average strength of all concrete samples
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B.
The minimum strength required for structural safety
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C.
The strength that the concrete should achieve at 28 days
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D.
The strength of the weakest sample
Solution
Target mean strength is the strength that the concrete mix is designed to achieve at 28 days.
Correct Answer: C — The strength that the concrete should achieve at 28 days
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Q. What is the effect of using fly ash as a partial replacement for cement?
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A.
Increases the heat of hydration
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B.
Reduces the workability of concrete
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C.
Improves long-term strength and durability
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D.
Decreases the setting time
Solution
Fly ash improves long-term strength and durability when used as a partial replacement for cement.
Correct Answer: C — Improves long-term strength and durability
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Q. What is the main advantage of using high-strength steel reinforcement in concrete structures?
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A.
Lower cost
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B.
Increased ductility
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C.
Higher load-carrying capacity
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D.
Easier to work with
Solution
High-strength steel reinforcement provides a higher load-carrying capacity, making structures more efficient.
Correct Answer: C — Higher load-carrying capacity
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Q. What is the primary function of using superplasticizers in concrete?
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A.
To increase the density of concrete
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B.
To reduce the water content while maintaining workability
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C.
To accelerate the curing process
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D.
To enhance the color of concrete
Solution
Superplasticizers allow for a reduction in water content while maintaining the desired workability of the concrete.
Correct Answer: B — To reduce the water content while maintaining workability
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Q. What is the primary purpose of using admixtures in concrete mix design?
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A.
To reduce the cost of concrete
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B.
To improve the workability and durability of concrete
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C.
To increase the weight of concrete
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D.
To change the color of concrete
Solution
Admixtures are used to enhance the properties of concrete, such as workability, durability, and setting time.
Correct Answer: B — To improve the workability and durability of concrete
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Q. What is the role of water-cement ratio in concrete mix design?
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A.
It determines the color of the concrete
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B.
It affects the strength and durability of concrete
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C.
It influences the cost of concrete
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D.
It has no significant impact
Solution
The water-cement ratio is crucial as it directly affects the strength and durability of the concrete.
Correct Answer: B — It affects the strength and durability of concrete
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Q. What is the significance of the 'fineness modulus' in aggregate grading?
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A.
It indicates the color of the aggregate
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B.
It helps in determining the workability of concrete
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C.
It provides a measure of the average size of the particles
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D.
It has no significance
Solution
Fineness modulus is a measure of the average size of the particles in an aggregate sample, influencing the grading.
Correct Answer: C — It provides a measure of the average size of the particles
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Q. Which aggregate type is preferred for high-performance concrete?
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A.
Natural gravel
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B.
Crushed stone
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C.
Recycled concrete aggregate
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D.
Lightweight aggregate
Solution
Crushed stone is preferred for high-performance concrete due to its angular shape and better interlocking.
Correct Answer: B — Crushed stone
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Q. Which type of cement is typically used for high-strength concrete?
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A.
Ordinary Portland Cement
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B.
Rapid Hardening Cement
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C.
Sulphate Resisting Cement
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D.
White Cement
Solution
Rapid Hardening Cement is preferred for high-strength concrete as it gains strength quickly.
Correct Answer: B — Rapid Hardening Cement
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