Qualitative Analysis of Ions - Problem Set
Q. What is the main principle behind the use of UV-Vis spectroscopy in qualitative analysis?
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A.
It measures the mass of a sample
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B.
It detects the presence of specific ions based on their absorbance
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C.
It separates components based on their charge
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D.
It identifies compounds based on their melting points
Solution
UV-Vis spectroscopy identifies compounds by measuring their absorbance at specific wavelengths, which correlates with the presence of certain ions.
Correct Answer: B — It detects the presence of specific ions based on their absorbance
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Q. What is the purpose of using a buffer solution in electrophoresis?
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A.
To increase the conductivity of the solution
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B.
To maintain a constant pH during the separation
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C.
To enhance the visibility of the bands
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D.
To prevent overheating of the gel
Solution
Buffer solutions maintain a stable pH, which is crucial for the proper separation of charged molecules during electrophoresis.
Correct Answer: B — To maintain a constant pH during the separation
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Q. What is the role of a pH indicator in a titration?
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A.
To increase the reaction rate
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B.
To provide a color change at the endpoint
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C.
To stabilize the solution
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D.
To dilute the reactants
Solution
A pH indicator changes color at a specific pH range, signaling the endpoint of the titration.
Correct Answer: B — To provide a color change at the endpoint
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Q. Which electrophoresis technique is best suited for separating nucleic acids?
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A.
Capillary Electrophoresis
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B.
Gel Electrophoresis
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C.
Isoelectric Focusing
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D.
Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis
Solution
Gel Electrophoresis is commonly used for the separation of nucleic acids based on size.
Correct Answer: B — Gel Electrophoresis
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Q. Which of the following ions can be detected using a silver nitrate test?
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A.
Chloride ions
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B.
Sulfate ions
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C.
Nitrate ions
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D.
Phosphate ions
Solution
Chloride ions react with silver nitrate to form a white precipitate of silver chloride, indicating their presence.
Correct Answer: A — Chloride ions
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Q. Which of the following methods can be used to separate proteins based on their charge?
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A.
Gas Chromatography
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B.
Electrophoresis
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C.
Mass Spectrometry
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D.
Spectrophotometry
Solution
Electrophoresis separates proteins based on their charge and size when an electric field is applied.
Correct Answer: B — Electrophoresis
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Q. Which spectroscopic technique is best suited for identifying functional groups in organic compounds?
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A.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
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B.
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy
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C.
Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy
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D.
Mass Spectrometry
Solution
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy is particularly useful for identifying functional groups due to characteristic absorption bands.
Correct Answer: B — Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy
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