Increasing the tension in a string increases the speed of the wave, as speed is proportional to the square root of tension.

The phase difference between two points that are half a wavelength apart is π radians.

The phase difference between two points on a wave that are one wavelength apart is 2π radians.

The Doppler effect is the change in frequency (and wavelength) of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source.

The principle of superposition states that when two or more waves overlap, the resultant displacement is the sum of the individual displacements.

The relationship is given by Frequency = 1/Period.

The speed of a wave on a string is given by the formula v = sqrt(T/μ), where T is the tension and μ is the mass per unit length. Here, v = sqrt(100/2) = sqrt(50) = 10 m/s.

A vibrating string produces transverse waves, where the displacement of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

A tuning fork produces longitudinal waves in the air as it vibrates back and forth, creating compressions and rarefactions.

A tuning fork produces longitudinal waves in air, where the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

A tuning fork produces longitudinal waves, as the vibrations cause compressions and rarefactions in the air.

Conduction is a mode of heat transfer, not a characteristic of wave motion. The other options are properties of waves.

Conduction is a mode of heat transfer and is not a characteristic of wave motion, while reflection, refraction, and diffraction are.

Sound waves are longitudinal waves, meaning the particle displacement is parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

Electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum, while sound waves, water waves, and seismic waves require a medium.

A sound wave is an example of a longitudinal wave, where the particle displacement is parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

Sound waves are mechanical waves that require a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) to propagate, while electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum.

Diffraction is the phenomenon that explains the bending of waves around obstacles and the spreading of waves when they pass through openings.

The Doppler effect describes the change in frequency (and wavelength) of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source.

Refraction occurs when a wave passes from one medium to another and changes speed, resulting in a change in direction.