Engineering Entrance
Q. Find the roots of the equation x² + 2x - 8 = 0. (2022)
A.
-4 and 2
B.
4 and -2
C.
2 and -4
D.
0 and 8
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Solution
Factoring gives (x + 4)(x - 2) = 0, hence the roots are 4 and -2.
Correct Answer: B — 4 and -2
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Q. Find the slope of the tangent line to f(x) = 2x^3 - 3x^2 + 4 at x = 1. (2021)
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Solution
f'(x) = 6x^2 - 6. f'(1) = 6(1)^2 - 6 = 0.
Correct Answer: B — 2
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Q. Find the solution of the differential equation dy/dx = y^2.
A.
y = 1/(C - x)
B.
y = C/(x - 1)
C.
y = Cx
D.
y = e^(x)
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Solution
This is a separable equation. Integrating gives y = 1/(C - x).
Correct Answer: A — y = 1/(C - x)
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Q. Find the solution of the differential equation y' = 3y + 6.
A.
y = Ce^(3x) - 2
B.
y = Ce^(3x) + 2
C.
y = 2e^(3x)
D.
y = 3Ce^(x)
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Solution
This is a linear first-order equation. The integrating factor is e^(3x). The solution is y = Ce^(3x) + 2.
Correct Answer: B — y = Ce^(3x) + 2
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Q. Find the solution of the equation dy/dx = y^2 - 1.
A.
y = tan(x + C)
B.
y = C/(1 - Cx)
C.
y = 1/(C - x)
D.
y = C/(x + 1)
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Solution
This is a separable equation. The solution is y = tan(x + C).
Correct Answer: A — y = tan(x + C)
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Q. Find the term containing x^3 in the expansion of (x - 1)^5.
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Solution
The term containing x^3 is C(5,3) * x^3 * (-1)^2 = 10 * x^3 * 1 = 10.
Correct Answer: C — -10
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Q. Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (x^2 - 2x + 3)^4. (2022)
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Solution
The term independent of x occurs when the powers of x cancel out. The term is 81.
Correct Answer: A — 81
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Q. Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (x^2 - 3x + 1)^5. (2023)
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Solution
The term independent of x occurs when the powers of x cancel out. The term is C(5,2)(-3)^2(1)^3 = 45.
Correct Answer: A — -15
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Q. Find the value of (3 + 2)^3 using the binomial theorem.
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Solution
Using the binomial theorem, (3 + 2)^3 = C(3,0) * 3^3 * 2^0 + C(3,1) * 3^2 * 2^1 + C(3,2) * 3^1 * 2^2 + C(3,3) * 3^0 * 2^3 = 27 + 54 + 36 + 8 = 125.
Correct Answer: B — 27
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Q. Find the value of 5! (5 factorial). (2019)
A.
120
B.
100
C.
150
D.
90
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Solution
5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120.
Correct Answer: A — 120
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Q. Find the value of 9 × 9 - 5 × 5. (2023) 2023
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Solution
9 × 9 = 81 and 5 × 5 = 25, so 81 - 25 = 56.
Correct Answer: A — 56
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Q. Find the value of k for which the equation x² + 4x + k = 0 has no real roots. (2020)
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Solution
The discriminant must be negative: 4² - 4*1*k < 0, which gives k > 4, so the minimum value is -6.
Correct Answer: B — -6
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Q. Find the value of k for which the equation x² + kx + 16 = 0 has equal roots. (2022)
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Solution
For equal roots, the discriminant must be zero: k² - 4*1*16 = 0, thus k² = 64, k = ±8. The value of k can be -8.
Correct Answer: A — -8
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Q. Find the value of k if the equation x² + kx + 16 = 0 has no real roots. (2022)
A.
k < 8
B.
k > 8
C.
k < 0
D.
k > 0
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Solution
For no real roots, the discriminant must be less than zero: k² - 4*1*16 < 0, which gives k > 8.
Correct Answer: B — k > 8
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Q. Find the y-intercept of the line 4x + y - 8 = 0.
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Solution
Setting x = 0 in the equation gives y = 8. Therefore, the y-intercept is 8.
Correct Answer: A — 8
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Q. Find ∫ (5x^4) dx. (2020)
A.
x^5 + C
B.
x^5 + 5C
C.
x^5 + 1
D.
5x^5 + C
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Solution
The integral is (5/5)x^5 + C = x^5 + C.
Correct Answer: A — x^5 + C
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Q. Find ∫ (6x^2 - 4) dx. (2019)
A.
2x^3 - 4x + C
B.
2x^3 - 2x + C
C.
2x^3 - 4 + C
D.
3x^3 - 4x + C
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Solution
The integral is (6/3)x^3 - 4x + C = 2x^3 - 4x + C.
Correct Answer: A — 2x^3 - 4x + C
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A.
e^x + C
B.
e^x
C.
x e^x + C
D.
ln(e^x) + C
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Solution
The integral of e^x is e^x + C.
Correct Answer: A — e^x + C
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Q. For a monatomic ideal gas, the ratio of specific heats (γ) is approximately: (2019)
A.
1.5
B.
1.67
C.
1.4
D.
2
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Solution
For a monatomic ideal gas, γ = C_p/C_v = 5/3 = 1.67.
Correct Answer: B — 1.67
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Q. For a process at constant volume, which of the following is true? (2023)
A.
Work done is zero
B.
Heat added equals change in internal energy
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
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Solution
At constant volume, no work is done (W=0), and the heat added equals the change in internal energy (Q=ΔU).
Correct Answer: C — Both A and B
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Q. For a reaction with a rate constant of 0.02 M⁻¹s⁻¹ and initial concentration of 0.5 M, what is the time taken to reach 0.25 M in a second-order reaction? (2023)
A.
25 s
B.
50 s
C.
10 s
D.
20 s
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Solution
Using t = 1 / (k[A₀]) * (1/[A] - 1/[A₀]), t = 1 / (0.02 * 0.5) * (1/0.25 - 1/0.5) = 25 s.
Correct Answer: A — 25 s
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Q. For a reaction with an activation energy of 50 kJ/mol, what is the rate constant at 300 K if R = 8.314 J/(mol·K)? (2022)
A.
0.001 M/s
B.
0.01 M/s
C.
0.1 M/s
D.
1 M/s
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Solution
Using the Arrhenius equation, k = Ae^(-Ea/RT). Calculate k using the given values.
Correct Answer: C — 0.1 M/s
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Q. For a reaction with an activation energy of 50 kJ/mol, what will happen to the rate if the temperature is increased by 20°C? (2022)
A.
Rate decreases
B.
Rate remains the same
C.
Rate increases significantly
D.
Rate increases slightly
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Solution
Increasing the temperature generally increases the rate of reaction significantly due to higher kinetic energy.
Correct Answer: C — Rate increases significantly
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Q. For a zero-order reaction, if the initial concentration is 0.5 M and the rate constant is 0.1 M/s, how long will it take to reach 0 M? (2019)
A.
5 s
B.
10 s
C.
15 s
D.
20 s
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Solution
For a zero-order reaction, t = [A₀] / k. Here, t = 0.5 M / 0.1 M/s = 5 s.
Correct Answer: B — 10 s
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Q. For a zero-order reaction, if the initial concentration is 0.5 M and the rate constant is 0.1 M/s, how long will it take to reach 0.2 M? (2021)
A.
3 s
B.
5 s
C.
2 s
D.
4 s
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Solution
For a zero-order reaction, t = [A₀ - A] / k. Here, t = (0.5 - 0.2) / 0.1 = 3 s.
Correct Answer: D — 4 s
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Q. For an ideal gas, the work done during an isobaric process is given by which formula? (2022)
A.
W = PΔV
B.
W = nRT
C.
W = ΔU + Q
D.
W = 0
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Solution
In an isobaric process, the work done is calculated using the formula W = PΔV, where P is pressure and ΔV is the change in volume.
Correct Answer: A — W = PΔV
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Q. For an ideal gas, which law relates pressure, volume, and temperature? (2023) 2023
A.
Boyle's Law
B.
Charles's Law
C.
Ideal Gas Law
D.
Avogadro's Law
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Solution
The Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) relates pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) for an ideal gas.
Correct Answer: C — Ideal Gas Law
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Q. For the equation x² + 6x + k = 0 to have real roots, what is the minimum value of k? (2021)
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Solution
The discriminant must be non-negative: 6² - 4*1*k ≥ 0, which gives k ≤ 9, so the minimum value is -9.
Correct Answer: A — -9
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Q. For the function f(x) = -x^2 + 4x + 1, find the x-coordinate of the vertex. (2023)
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Solution
The vertex x-coordinate is given by -b/(2a) = -4/(2*-1) = 2.
Correct Answer: A — 2
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Q. For the function f(x) = 2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x, find the critical points. (2022)
A.
(0, 0)
B.
(1, 5)
C.
(2, 0)
D.
(3, 3)
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Solution
Set f'(x) = 0. f'(x) = 6x^2 - 18x + 12 = 0. Critical points are x = 2.
Correct Answer: C — (2, 0)
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