Surface Tension
Q. If a soap film is formed on a wire frame, what is the effect of adding more soap to the film?
A.
Surface tension increases
B.
Surface tension decreases
C.
Surface tension remains the same
D.
Surface tension becomes zero
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Solution
Adding more soap decreases the surface tension because soap molecules disrupt the cohesive forces between water molecules.
Correct Answer: B — Surface tension decreases
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Q. If the surface tension of a liquid is 0.072 N/m, what is the force acting on a wire of length 0.5 m placed on the surface of the liquid?
A.
0.036 N
B.
0.072 N
C.
0.144 N
D.
0.5 N
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Solution
Force = Surface Tension × Length = 0.072 N/m × 0.5 m = 0.036 N.
Correct Answer: A — 0.036 N
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Q. The phenomenon of a liquid rising in a narrow tube is called?
A.
Surface tension
B.
Capillarity
C.
Viscosity
D.
Hydrostatic pressure
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Solution
The phenomenon of a liquid rising in a narrow tube is called capillarity.
Correct Answer: B — Capillarity
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Q. The phenomenon of capillary action is primarily due to:
A.
Surface tension and cohesion
B.
Surface tension and adhesion
C.
Viscosity and density
D.
Gravity and pressure
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Solution
Capillary action occurs due to the combination of surface tension (which pulls the liquid up) and adhesion (which attracts the liquid to the walls of the tube).
Correct Answer: B — Surface tension and adhesion
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Q. The phenomenon of liquid rising in a narrow tube is known as?
A.
Surface tension
B.
Capillarity
C.
Viscosity
D.
Hydrostatic pressure
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Solution
The phenomenon of liquid rising in a narrow tube is called capillarity.
Correct Answer: B — Capillarity
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Q. The shape of a soap bubble is spherical because:
A.
It minimizes volume
B.
It maximizes surface area
C.
It minimizes surface area for a given volume
D.
It is the only stable shape
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Solution
A soap bubble adopts a spherical shape because it minimizes the surface area for a given volume, which is energetically favorable due to surface tension.
Correct Answer: C — It minimizes surface area for a given volume
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Q. The surface tension of a liquid can be measured using which of the following methods?
A.
Barometer method
B.
Capillary rise method
C.
Hydrometer method
D.
Manometer method
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Solution
The capillary rise method is commonly used to measure surface tension by observing the height to which a liquid rises in a capillary tube.
Correct Answer: B — Capillary rise method
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Q. What happens to the surface tension of a liquid when a surfactant is added?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
Surfactants lower the surface tension of liquids by disrupting cohesive forces between molecules.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What happens to the surface tension of water as temperature increases?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
The surface tension of water decreases as temperature increases.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What happens to the surface tension of water when a small amount of soap is added?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
Adding soap decreases the surface tension of water because soap molecules disrupt the cohesive forces between water molecules.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What happens to the surface tension of water when a surfactant is added?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
Adding a surfactant decreases the surface tension of water by disrupting the cohesive forces between water molecules.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What happens to the surface tension of water when soap is added?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
Adding soap to water decreases its surface tension because soap molecules disrupt the cohesive forces between water molecules.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What happens to the surface tension of water when temperature increases?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
The surface tension of water decreases with an increase in temperature.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What is the effect of surfactants on the surface tension of water?
A.
Increase surface tension
B.
Decrease surface tension
C.
No effect
D.
Double the surface tension
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Solution
Surfactants decrease the surface tension of water.
Correct Answer: B — Decrease surface tension
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Q. What is the effect of temperature on the surface tension of a liquid?
A.
Surface tension increases with temperature
B.
Surface tension decreases with temperature
C.
Surface tension remains constant with temperature
D.
Surface tension is independent of the nature of the liquid
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Solution
As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases, leading to a decrease in cohesive forces and thus a decrease in surface tension.
Correct Answer: B — Surface tension decreases with temperature
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Q. What is the effect of temperature on the surface tension of water?
A.
Increases with temperature
B.
Decreases with temperature
C.
Remains constant
D.
Varies unpredictably
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Solution
Surface tension decreases with an increase in temperature due to increased molecular motion.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases with temperature
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Q. What is the primary reason for the formation of droplets of water on a leaf?
A.
Cohesion
B.
Adhesion
C.
Surface tension
D.
Gravity
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Solution
The formation of droplets is primarily due to surface tension, which minimizes the surface area of the liquid.
Correct Answer: C — Surface tension
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Q. What is the primary reason for the phenomenon of capillarity?
A.
Surface tension
B.
Viscosity
C.
Density
D.
Pressure
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Solution
Capillarity is primarily caused by surface tension, which allows liquids to rise or fall in narrow spaces against gravity.
Correct Answer: A — Surface tension
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Q. What is the relationship between surface tension and temperature for most liquids?
A.
Directly proportional
B.
Inversely proportional
C.
No relationship
D.
Exponential
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Solution
Surface tension is inversely proportional to temperature for most liquids.
Correct Answer: B — Inversely proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between surface tension and the shape of a liquid droplet?
A.
Droplets are always flat
B.
Droplets are spherical
C.
Droplets can be any shape
D.
Droplets are cubic
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Solution
Due to surface tension, liquid droplets tend to minimize their surface area, resulting in a spherical shape.
Correct Answer: B — Droplets are spherical
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Q. What is the shape of a liquid droplet on a surface due to surface tension?
A.
Flat
B.
Cylindrical
C.
Spherical
D.
Cubical
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Solution
A liquid droplet takes a spherical shape because a sphere has the minimum surface area for a given volume, minimizing the energy associated with surface tension.
Correct Answer: C — Spherical
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Q. What is the unit of surface tension in the SI system?
A.
N/m
B.
J/m²
C.
Pa
D.
kg/m³
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Solution
The unit of surface tension is Newton per meter (N/m).
Correct Answer: A — N/m
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Q. What is the unit of surface tension?
A.
N/m
B.
J/m²
C.
Pa
D.
N
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Solution
Surface tension is defined as force per unit length, hence its unit is Newton per meter (N/m).
Correct Answer: A — N/m
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Q. When a surfactant is added to water, what happens to the surface tension?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
Adding a surfactant to water decreases the surface tension by disrupting the cohesive forces between water molecules.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. Which of the following factors does NOT affect surface tension?
A.
Temperature
B.
Impurities
C.
Density
D.
Nature of the liquid
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Solution
Density does not directly affect surface tension; it is influenced by temperature, impurities, and the nature of the liquid.
Correct Answer: C — Density
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Q. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the surface tension of a liquid?
A.
Temperature
B.
Impurities
C.
Density
D.
Nature of the liquid
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Solution
While temperature, impurities, and the nature of the liquid affect surface tension, density does not directly influence it.
Correct Answer: C — Density
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Q. Which of the following liquids has the highest surface tension at room temperature?
A.
Water
B.
Ethanol
C.
Mercury
D.
Benzene
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Solution
Mercury has a very high surface tension due to strong cohesive forces between its molecules, higher than that of water, ethanol, and benzene.
Correct Answer: C — Mercury
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Q. Which of the following phenomena is NOT a consequence of surface tension?
A.
Formation of droplets
B.
Capillary action
C.
Floating of heavy objects
D.
Shape of bubbles
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Solution
Floating of heavy objects is not a consequence of surface tension; it is due to buoyancy, while the other options are directly related to surface tension.
Correct Answer: C — Floating of heavy objects
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Q. Which of the following phenomena is NOT related to surface tension?
A.
Capillary action
B.
Formation of droplets
C.
Floating of heavy objects
D.
Meniscus formation
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Solution
Floating of heavy objects is not related to surface tension; it is related to buoyancy. The other phenomena are directly influenced by surface tension.
Correct Answer: C — Floating of heavy objects
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Q. Which of the following phenomena is primarily due to surface tension?
A.
Capillary action
B.
Viscosity
C.
Diffusion
D.
Convection
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Solution
Capillary action is primarily due to surface tension, as it allows liquids to rise in narrow tubes against gravity.
Correct Answer: A — Capillary action
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