A static process does not involve any change in state variables, hence it is not considered a thermodynamic process.

All the listed processes are governed by the First Law of Thermodynamics, so the answer is 'None of the above'.

The first law states that energy is conserved, and heat cannot spontaneously flow from cold to hot without work being done.

An ideal gas is defined as a gas that has no intermolecular forces and follows the ideal gas law under all conditions.

Entropy is a measure of disorder, and it is constant in reversible processes, making both statements a and c true.

In thermal equilibrium, no heat flows between systems, meaning they are at the same temperature.

For an ideal gas, the internal energy depends only on temperature, not on volume or pressure.

The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of conservation of energy, applicable to all thermodynamic systems.

The second law of thermodynamics introduces the concept of entropy, stating that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.

A dull black surface is the best emitter of radiation according to Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation.

A black surface is the best emitter of thermal radiation due to its high emissivity.

An isobaric process occurs at constant pressure and can involve a change in temperature due to heat transfer.

In an adiabatic process, there is no heat exchange with the surroundings, leading to a change in temperature.

Heating involves a change in temperature without a change in phase.

Convection is the process of heat transfer through the movement of fluids.