Units & Measurement
Q. In an experiment, the length of a rod is measured as 12.0 m with an uncertainty of ±0.5 m. What is the total uncertainty if the length is used in a calculation involving multiplication by 3?
A.
±1.5 m
B.
±0.5 m
C.
±0.75 m
D.
±0.25 m
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Solution
Total uncertainty = 3 * (0.5 m) = ±1.5 m.
Correct Answer: A — ±1.5 m
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Q. In an experiment, the mass of an object is measured as 5.0 kg with an uncertainty of ±0.2 kg. What is the absolute error?
A.
0.2 kg
B.
0.5 kg
C.
0.1 kg
D.
0.3 kg
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Solution
Absolute error is the uncertainty in the measurement, which is ±0.2 kg.
Correct Answer: A — 0.2 kg
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Q. In an experiment, the measured value of a voltage is 12.0 V with an uncertainty of ±0.2 V. What is the maximum possible error?
A.
0.2 V
B.
0.1 V
C.
0.5 V
D.
0.0 V
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Solution
Maximum possible error is equal to the uncertainty, which is ±0.2 V.
Correct Answer: A — 0.2 V
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Q. In an experiment, the voltage is measured as 12.0 V with an uncertainty of ±0.3 V. What is the absolute error in the voltage measurement?
A.
0.3 V
B.
0.25 V
C.
0.5 V
D.
0.1 V
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Solution
The absolute error is given as ±0.3 V.
Correct Answer: A — 0.3 V
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Q. In an experiment, the voltage is measured as 12.0 V with an uncertainty of ±0.5 V. What is the absolute error in the voltage measurement?
A.
0.5 V
B.
0.05 V
C.
5 V
D.
1 V
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Solution
The absolute error is given directly as ±0.5 V.
Correct Answer: A — 0.5 V
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Q. In an experiment, the voltage is measured as 12.0 V with an uncertainty of ±0.5 V. What is the maximum possible error in the voltage measurement?
A.
0.5 V
B.
0.25 V
C.
1 V
D.
0.1 V
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Solution
The maximum possible error is the absolute uncertainty, which is ±0.5 V.
Correct Answer: A — 0.5 V
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Q. In the calculation 12.11 + 0.3 + 1.234, how many significant figures should the answer have?
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Solution
The answer should have 2 decimal places, as 0.3 has the least precision.
Correct Answer: C — 4
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Q. In the context of measurement, what does the term 'accuracy' refer to?
A.
The closeness of a measured value to the true value
B.
The repeatability of measurements
C.
The range of values within which the true value lies
D.
The number of significant figures in a measurement
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Solution
Accuracy refers to how close a measured value is to the true or accepted value.
Correct Answer: A — The closeness of a measured value to the true value
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Q. In the context of measurement, what does the term 'precision' refer to?
A.
The closeness of a measurement to the true value
B.
The reproducibility of measurements
C.
The range of values
D.
The average of measurements
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Solution
Precision refers to the reproducibility of measurements, indicating how consistent the results are when repeated.
Correct Answer: B — The reproducibility of measurements
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Q. In the expression 0.00450 + 0.0034, how many significant figures should the result have?
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Solution
The result should have 3 significant figures, as 0.0034 has the least precision.
Correct Answer: B — 4
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Q. In the measurement 0.007890, how many significant figures are present?
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Solution
The significant figures are 7, 8, 9, and 0, totaling 4 significant figures.
Correct Answer: C — 5
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Q. In the measurement 0.03040, how many significant figures are present?
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Solution
In 0.03040, the leading zeros do not count, but the trailing zero after the decimal does. Therefore, there are 4 significant figures.
Correct Answer: B — 4
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Q. In the measurement 123.45, how many significant figures are present?
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Solution
All digits in 123.45 are significant, giving a total of 5 significant figures.
Correct Answer: C — 5
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Q. In the measurement 150.0, how many significant figures are present?
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Solution
The significant figures are 1, 5, and the trailing zero after the decimal point.
Correct Answer: C — 4
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Q. In the measurement 2500 kg, how many significant figures are there?
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Solution
The number 2500 kg has two significant figures unless specified otherwise (e.g., with a decimal point).
Correct Answer: A — 2
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Q. In the number 0.0004560, how many significant figures are present?
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Solution
The leading zeros are not significant, but the trailing zero is significant. Therefore, it has 4 significant figures.
Correct Answer: B — 4
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Q. In the number 0.007890, how many significant figures are there?
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Solution
The significant figures are 7, 8, 9, and the leading zeros are not counted.
Correct Answer: C — 5
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Q. In the number 2500, how many significant figures are there?
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Solution
Without a decimal point, 2500 has 2 significant figures.
Correct Answer: A — 2
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Q. In the number 4500, how many significant figures are there?
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Solution
4500 has 2 significant figures unless specified with a decimal point.
Correct Answer: A — 2
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Q. In the number 5000, how many significant figures are there?
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Solution
5000 has 1 significant figure unless specified with a decimal point (e.g., 5000.).
Correct Answer: A — 1
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Q. The dimensional formula for work is:
A.
[M^1 L^2 T^-2]
B.
[M^1 L^1 T^-1]
C.
[M^0 L^2 T^-1]
D.
[M^1 L^0 T^0]
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Solution
The dimensional formula for work is [M^1 L^2 T^-2].
Correct Answer: A — [M^1 L^2 T^-2]
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Q. The length of a rod is measured as 50 cm with an error of 1 cm. What is the minimum possible length?
A.
49 cm
B.
50 cm
C.
51 cm
D.
48 cm
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Solution
Minimum possible length = Measured value - Error = 50 - 1 = 49 cm.
Correct Answer: A — 49 cm
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Q. The temperature is measured as 25°C with an error of 1°C. What is the range of possible true values?
A.
24°C to 26°C
B.
25°C to 27°C
C.
23°C to 25°C
D.
26°C to 28°C
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Solution
True value can be in the range of (Measured value - Error) to (Measured value + Error) = 25°C ± 1°C = 24°C to 26°C.
Correct Answer: A — 24°C to 26°C
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Q. The unit of electric charge in SI is?
A.
Coulomb
B.
Ampere
C.
Volt
D.
Ohm
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Solution
The SI unit of electric charge is Coulomb (C).
Correct Answer: A — Coulomb
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Q. The unit of energy in the SI system is:
A.
Joule
B.
Calorie
C.
Watt
D.
Newton
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Solution
The SI unit of energy is Joule (J).
Correct Answer: A — Joule
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Q. The unit of pressure in SI is:
A.
Pascal
B.
Bar
C.
Torr
D.
Atmosphere
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Solution
The SI unit of pressure is Pascal (Pa), defined as one newton per square meter (N/m²).
Correct Answer: A — Pascal
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Q. The unit of pressure in the SI system is:
A.
Pascal
B.
Bar
C.
Torr
D.
Atmosphere
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Solution
The SI unit of pressure is Pascal (Pa), defined as one newton per square meter (N/m²).
Correct Answer: A — Pascal
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Q. The weight of an object is measured as 10 kg with a 0.1 kg error. What is the maximum possible weight?
A.
10.1 kg
B.
10.2 kg
C.
10 kg
D.
9.9 kg
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Solution
Maximum possible weight = Measured weight + Absolute error = 10 + 0.1 = 10.1 kg.
Correct Answer: A — 10.1 kg
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Q. The weight of an object is measured as 200 g with a possible error of 5 g. What is the range of the true weight?
A.
195 g to 205 g
B.
200 g to 205 g
C.
195 g to 200 g
D.
200 g to 210 g
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Solution
True weight range = Measured value ± Absolute error = 200 ± 5 = 195 g to 205 g.
Correct Answer: A — 195 g to 205 g
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Q. What are the dimensions of pressure?
A.
ML^-1T^-2
B.
ML^2T^-2
C.
ML^2T^-1
D.
M^0L^0T^0
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Solution
Pressure is defined as force per unit area. The dimensions of force are ML^1T^-2, and area is L^2, thus pressure has dimensions ML^-1T^-2.
Correct Answer: A — ML^-1T^-2
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