Kinetic Theory of Gases
Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of gas molecules in a container at constant temperature and volume?
A.
Pressure decreases.
B.
Pressure remains constant.
C.
Pressure increases.
D.
Temperature increases.
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Solution
Increasing the number of gas molecules at constant temperature and volume leads to more collisions with the walls of the container, resulting in increased pressure.
Correct Answer: C — Pressure increases.
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of gas molecules on the pressure of the gas at constant volume and temperature?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
Increasing the number of gas molecules at constant volume and temperature increases the pressure, according to the ideal gas law.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of gas molecules on the RMS speed?
A.
Increases RMS speed
B.
Decreases RMS speed
C.
No effect on RMS speed
D.
Depends on the type of gas
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Solution
The RMS speed is independent of the number of gas molecules; it depends only on temperature and molar mass.
Correct Answer: C — No effect on RMS speed
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of a gas on its pressure at constant volume and temperature?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
According to the ideal gas law, increasing the number of moles (n) of a gas while keeping volume (V) and temperature (T) constant will increase the pressure (P).
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas in a closed container at constant temperature and volume?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Volume decreases
D.
Temperature increases
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Solution
According to Avogadro's Law, increasing the number of moles of gas increases the pressure if temperature and volume are constant.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas in a closed container at constant temperature?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Volume decreases
D.
Temperature decreases
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Solution
According to Avogadro's Law, increasing the number of moles of gas increases the pressure if the volume is constant.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas on pressure at constant volume and temperature?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
According to the ideal gas law, increasing the number of moles of gas at constant volume and temperature will increase the pressure.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas on the pressure at constant volume and temperature?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Volume increases
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Solution
According to Avogadro's Law, increasing the number of moles of gas at constant volume and temperature will increase the pressure.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas on the pressure, assuming volume and temperature are constant?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
According to Avogadro's Law, increasing the number of moles of gas increases the pressure if volume and temperature are constant.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the pressure of a gas at constant temperature on its RMS speed?
A.
Increases RMS speed
B.
Decreases RMS speed
C.
No effect on RMS speed
D.
Depends on the gas
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Solution
At constant temperature, increasing pressure does not affect the RMS speed, as it is dependent on temperature and molar mass.
Correct Answer: C — No effect on RMS speed
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the pressure of a gas at constant volume on its RMS speed?
A.
Increases RMS speed
B.
Decreases RMS speed
C.
No effect on RMS speed
D.
Depends on the gas
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Solution
At constant volume, increasing pressure increases the temperature of the gas, which in turn increases the RMS speed.
Correct Answer: A — Increases RMS speed
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas on its pressure, assuming volume is constant?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
Increasing the temperature of a gas at constant volume increases the pressure, as per Gay-Lussac's law.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the average speed of gas molecules?
A.
Average speed decreases
B.
Average speed remains constant
C.
Average speed increases
D.
Average speed becomes zero
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Solution
Increasing the temperature increases the average kinetic energy of gas molecules, which in turn increases their average speed.
Correct Answer: C — Average speed increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the distribution of molecular speeds in a gas?
A.
The distribution becomes narrower
B.
The distribution becomes wider
C.
The distribution remains unchanged
D.
The average speed decreases
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Solution
Increasing the temperature increases the average kinetic energy of the molecules, resulting in a wider distribution of molecular speeds.
Correct Answer: B — The distribution becomes wider
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the RMS speed of a gas?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Depends on pressure
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Solution
Increasing the temperature increases the RMS speed, as v_rms is proportional to the square root of temperature.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the speed of gas molecules?
A.
Speed decreases
B.
Speed remains constant
C.
Speed increases
D.
Speed becomes zero
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Solution
Increasing the temperature of a gas increases the average kinetic energy of the molecules, which in turn increases their speed.
Correct Answer: C — Speed increases
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Q. What is the ideal gas equation?
A.
PV = nRT
B.
PV = nRT^2
C.
PV = nR/T
D.
PV = nRT^3
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Solution
The ideal gas equation is PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Correct Answer: A — PV = nRT
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Q. What is the primary assumption of the kinetic theory of gases regarding the motion of gas molecules?
A.
Gas molecules are stationary.
B.
Gas molecules move in straight lines until they collide.
C.
Gas molecules are always in a state of vibration.
D.
Gas molecules have a fixed volume.
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Solution
The kinetic theory assumes that gas molecules move in straight lines until they collide with each other or the walls of the container.
Correct Answer: B — Gas molecules move in straight lines until they collide.
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Q. What is the relationship between pressure and volume in Boyle's Law?
A.
P ∝ V
B.
PV = constant
C.
P + V = constant
D.
P/V = constant
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Solution
Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature, which can be expressed as PV = constant.
Correct Answer: B — PV = constant
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Q. What is the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?
A.
Directly proportional
B.
Inversely proportional
C.
Independent
D.
Exponential
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Solution
According to Boyle's Law, pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature.
Correct Answer: B — Inversely proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature according to Boyle's Law?
A.
P ∝ V
B.
PV = constant
C.
P + V = constant
D.
PV = nRT
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Solution
Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature, which can be expressed as PV = constant.
Correct Answer: B — PV = constant
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Q. What is the relationship between RMS speed and kinetic energy of gas molecules?
A.
Directly proportional
B.
Inversely proportional
C.
No relationship
D.
Depends on the gas
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Solution
The kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the square of the RMS speed, as KE = (1/2)mv_rms^2.
Correct Answer: A — Directly proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between RMS speed and molecular weight?
A.
Directly proportional
B.
Inversely proportional
C.
No relation
D.
Exponential relation
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Solution
RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of molecular weight.
Correct Answer: B — Inversely proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between the average kinetic energy of gas molecules and temperature?
A.
KE ∝ T
B.
KE ∝ T^2
C.
KE ∝ 1/T
D.
KE ∝ T^3
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Solution
The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (KE ∝ T).
Correct Answer: A — KE ∝ T
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Q. What is the relationship between the average speed and RMS speed of a gas?
A.
RMS speed is always greater than average speed
B.
RMS speed is always less than average speed
C.
RMS speed equals average speed
D.
RMS speed is independent of average speed
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Solution
For an ideal gas, the RMS speed is always greater than the average speed due to the squaring of velocities in the RMS calculation.
Correct Answer: A — RMS speed is always greater than average speed
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Q. What is the relationship between the average speed and RMS speed of gas molecules?
A.
RMS speed is always greater than average speed
B.
RMS speed is always less than average speed
C.
RMS speed equals average speed
D.
RMS speed is independent of average speed
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Solution
For an ideal gas, the RMS speed is always greater than the average speed due to the nature of the distribution of molecular speeds.
Correct Answer: A — RMS speed is always greater than average speed
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Q. What is the relationship between the mean free path (λ) and the diameter (d) of gas molecules?
A.
λ ∝ d^2
B.
λ ∝ 1/d
C.
λ ∝ d
D.
λ ∝ d^3
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Solution
The mean free path (λ) is inversely proportional to the diameter (d) of the gas molecules, meaning λ ∝ 1/d.
Correct Answer: B — λ ∝ 1/d
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Q. What is the relationship between the mean free path and the density of gas molecules?
A.
Mean free path increases with density
B.
Mean free path decreases with density
C.
Mean free path is independent of density
D.
Mean free path is proportional to the square of density
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Solution
The mean free path is inversely proportional to the density of gas molecules. As density increases, the mean free path decreases due to more frequent collisions.
Correct Answer: B — Mean free path decreases with density
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Q. What is the relationship between the mean free path and the diameter of gas molecules?
A.
Mean free path is independent of diameter
B.
Mean free path is directly proportional to diameter
C.
Mean free path is inversely proportional to diameter
D.
Mean free path is equal to diameter
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Solution
The mean free path is inversely proportional to the diameter of gas molecules; as the diameter increases, the mean free path decreases.
Correct Answer: C — Mean free path is inversely proportional to diameter
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Q. What is the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature according to the kinetic theory?
A.
Pressure is directly proportional to volume.
B.
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume.
C.
Pressure is independent of volume.
D.
Pressure is proportional to the square of the volume.
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Solution
According to Boyle's Law, which is derived from the kinetic theory, pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure is inversely proportional to volume.
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