When R1/R2 = R3/R4, the bridge is balanced, meaning no current flows through the galvanometer.

When R1/R2 = R3/R4, the bridge is balanced, meaning no current flows through the galvanometer.

Increasing resistance P will disturb the balance condition, making the bridge unbalanced.

Decreasing R2 will disturb the balance condition, causing the bridge to become unbalanced.

Doubling R2 will change the ratio R1/R2, thus unbalancing the bridge.

Adjusting R4 to achieve balance implies that the other resistances maintain a specific ratio.

Using the balance condition P/Q = R/S, we find S = (Q*R)/P = (10*15)/5 = 30Ω.

For balance, R4 must be 6Ω since 2/3 = 4/6.

In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, the voltage divides equally across the two arms, so each arm would have 6V if the total is 12V.

In a zero-order reaction, the rate is constant and does not depend on the concentration of reactants.

For a zero-order reaction, time = (initial concentration - final concentration) / k = (2 - 0) / 5 = 0.4 s.

In a zero-order reaction, the rate of reaction is independent of the concentration of reactants.

In AM, the amplitude of the carrier wave varies in accordance with the amplitude of the modulating signal, which carries the information.

In AM, the carrier wave is a high-frequency signal that carries the information signal by varying its amplitude.

If the current lags the voltage, it indicates an inductive load, as inductors cause the current to lag behind the voltage.

If the current lags the voltage, it indicates an inductive circuit, where the current phase is behind the voltage phase.

If the current lags the voltage, it indicates the presence of an inductive load, as inductors cause the current to lag behind the voltage.

If the current lags the voltage, it indicates an inductive load, as inductors cause the current to lag behind the voltage.

Inductive reactance (X_L) is given by X_L = 2πfL. If the frequency (f) is doubled, X_L also doubles.

The reactance of an inductor is given by X_L = 2πfL. If frequency is doubled, reactance halves.

The power factor is cos(θ). If PF = 0.5, then θ = cos^(-1)(0.5) = 60 degrees.

A power factor of 1 indicates a purely resistive load.

For a resistor, the current is in phase with the voltage. Therefore, I(t) = V(t)/R = (V_0/R) sin(ωt).

Power in an electric circuit is given by P = V * I. Here, P = 12 V * 3 A = 36 W.

Power in an electric circuit is given by P = V^2/R. If V is doubled, P becomes (2V)^2/R = 4V^2/R, which is quadrupled.

In an endothermic reaction, the enthalpy of the products is higher than that of the reactants.

Range = Measured value ± Uncertainty = 200 g ± 5 g = 195 g to 205 g.

Total uncertainty = 3 * (0.5 m) = ±1.5 m.

Absolute error is the uncertainty in the measurement, which is ±0.2 kg.

Maximum possible error is equal to the uncertainty, which is ±0.2 V.