What will be the output of the following Python code: arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; binary_search(arr, 3)?

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Q: What will be the output of the following Python code: arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; binary_search(arr, 3)?

Solution: The binary search will return the index of the element '3', which is 2.

Steps: 8

Step 1: Understand what binary search is. It is a method to find an element in a sorted list by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half.
Step 2: Look at the given array: arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. This array is already sorted.
Step 3: Identify the element we are searching for, which is '3'.
Step 4: Start the binary search. Set the initial left index to 0 (first element) and the right index to 4 (last element).
Step 5: Calculate the middle index: (left + right) // 2 = (0 + 4) // 2 = 2.
Step 6: Check the value at index 2 in the array, which is '3'.
Step 7: Since the value at index 2 matches the element we are searching for, we have found it.
Step 8: The index of the element '3' in the array is 2.