What is the effect of a second polarizer oriented at 90 degrees to the first polarizer on the transmitted light intensity?

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Q: What is the effect of a second polarizer oriented at 90 degrees to the first polarizer on the transmitted light intensity?

Solution: When a second polarizer is oriented at 90 degrees to the first, it blocks all the light, reducing the intensity to zero.

Steps: 7

Step 1: Understand that light can be polarized, which means it can vibrate in a specific direction.
Step 2: Know that the first polarizer allows light to pass through only if it is aligned with its direction.
Step 3: When light passes through the first polarizer, it becomes polarized in the direction of that polarizer.
Step 4: Introduce a second polarizer that is oriented at 90 degrees to the first polarizer.
Step 5: Realize that the second polarizer is perpendicular to the direction of the polarized light from the first polarizer.
Step 6: Understand that since the light is polarized in one direction and the second polarizer is at 90 degrees, it cannot pass through.
Step 7: Conclude that the intensity of the transmitted light is reduced to zero because the second polarizer blocks all the light.