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What happens to the internal energy of a gas when it is allowed to expand freely
What happens to the internal energy of a gas when it is allowed to expand freely into a vacuum?
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Practice Questions
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Q1
What happens to the internal energy of a gas when it is allowed to expand freely into a vacuum?
Increases
Decreases
Remains constant
Depends on the initial temperature
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In free expansion, no work is done and no heat is exchanged, so the internal energy remains constant.
Questions & Step-by-step Solutions
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Q
Q: What happens to the internal energy of a gas when it is allowed to expand freely into a vacuum?
Solution:
In free expansion, no work is done and no heat is exchanged, so the internal energy remains constant.
Steps: 5
Show Steps
Step 1: Understand what free expansion means. It is when a gas expands into a space with no other gas (a vacuum).
Step 2: Recognize that during free expansion, the gas does not push against anything, so it does not do any work.
Step 3: Note that there is no heat exchange with the surroundings because the gas is expanding into a vacuum, which has no heat to transfer.
Step 4: Since no work is done and no heat is exchanged, the internal energy of the gas does not change.
Step 5: Conclude that the internal energy of the gas remains constant during free expansion.
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