Q1. The efficiency of a Carnot engine depends on: (2022)
Solution:
The efficiency of a Carnot engine is determined by the temperatures of both the hot and cold reservoirs, given by the formula η = 1 - (T_c/T_h).
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Q2. In a closed system, if the internal energy increases, what can be said about the work done and heat added? (2020)
Solution:
According to the first law of thermodynamics, if the internal energy increases, it implies that either work is done on the system or heat is added to the system.
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Q3. Which law states that the entropy of an isolated system never decreases? (2021)
Solution:
The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system never decreases over time.
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Q4. In a closed system, if the internal energy increases, what can be said about the heat and work done? (2020)
Solution:
According to the first law of thermodynamics, if the internal energy increases, it implies that heat is added to the system and/or work is done on the system.
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Q5. What is the work done on a gas during an isothermal compression? (2019)
Solution:
The work done on a gas during isothermal compression is positive, as work is done on the gas to compress it.
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Q6. Which law states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases? (2021)
Solution:
The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system will always increase over time.
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Q7. Which of the following processes is an example of an isochoric process? (2023)
Solution:
An isochoric process is one where the volume remains constant, such as heating a gas in a closed container.
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Q8. The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio of: (2023)
Solution:
The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio of work done by the engine to the heat absorbed from the hot reservoir.
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Q9. The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of: (2023)
Solution:
The specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1°C.
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Q10. What is the term for the heat required to change a substance from solid to liquid at constant temperature? (2019)
Solution:
The heat required to change a substance from solid to liquid at constant temperature is called the latent heat of fusion.
