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Q1. What is the principle behind the operation of a hydraulic lift? (2019)
Solution:
A hydraulic lift operates based on Pascal's law, which states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions.
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Q2. What is the principle that states that the pressure in a fluid decreases as the fluid's velocity increases?
Solution:
Bernoulli's Principle states that an increase in the velocity of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure.
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Q3. Which principle states that the pressure exerted on a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions?
Solution:
Pascal's Principle states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions.
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Q4. What is the hydrostatic pressure at a depth of 10 meters in water? (Density of water = 1000 kg/m³, g = 9.81 m/s²) (2022)
Solution:
Hydrostatic pressure is given by P = ρgh. Thus, P = 1000 kg/m³ * 9.81 m/s² * 10 m = 98100 Pa.
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Q5. Which of the following equations represents Bernoulli's principle?
Solution:
Bernoulli's principle is represented by the equation P + 1/2 ρv² + ρgh = constant, relating pressure, velocity, and height in a fluid.
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Q6. In a fluid at rest, the pressure at a point depends on which of the following? (2021)
Solution:
In a fluid at rest, the pressure at a point depends on the depth of the fluid above that point.
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Q7. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the viscosity of liquids? (2019)
Solution:
Increasing temperature generally decreases the viscosity of liquids, allowing them to flow more easily.
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Q8. Which of the following statements is true about surface tension? (2019)
Solution:
Surface tension is a property of liquids that causes them to minimize their surface area, allowing them to form droplets.
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Q9. The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its: (2022)
Solution:
Viscosity measures a fluid's resistance to flow; higher viscosity means the fluid flows less easily.
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Q10. According to Bernoulli's principle, what happens to the pressure of a fluid when its velocity increases?
Solution:
Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the velocity of a fluid results in a decrease in pressure.
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