Q1. What is the process called when a nucleus emits an alpha particle? (2019)
Solution:
The emission of an alpha particle from a nucleus is known as alpha decay.
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Q2. What is the main difference between isotopes of an element? (2022)
Solution:
Isotopes of an element differ in the number of neutrons while having the same number of protons.
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Q3. In nuclear fission, what is released as a result of the reaction? (2022)
Solution:
Nuclear fission releases a significant amount of energy and additional neutrons, which can induce further fission reactions.
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Q4. In nuclear fission, the mass of the products is less than the mass of the reactants. What is this mass difference converted into? (2019)
Solution:
The mass difference in nuclear fission is converted into kinetic energy of the fission fragments, according to Einstein's equation E=mc².
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Q5. What is the mass defect of a nucleus? (2019)
Solution:
The mass defect is the difference between the mass of the nucleus and the sum of the masses of its individual nucleons, which accounts for the binding energy.
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Q6. What type of decay involves the conversion of a proton into a neutron? (2019)
Solution:
Beta plus decay involves the conversion of a proton into a neutron, emitting a positron.
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Q7. Which of the following is a characteristic of nuclear reactions compared to chemical reactions? (2023)
Solution:
Nuclear reactions involve large energy changes due to the conversion of mass into energy, unlike chemical reactions.
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Q8. What is the primary product of the fusion of hydrogen nuclei in stars? (2022)
Solution:
The primary product of hydrogen fusion in stars is helium, which occurs through the proton-proton chain reaction.
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Q9. What is the primary product of the fusion of hydrogen nuclei? (2022)
Solution:
The primary product of the fusion of hydrogen nuclei (protons) is helium, along with the release of energy.
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Q10. Which of the following processes involves the emission of a positron? (2019)
Solution:
Beta decay involves the emission of a positron, which is the antimatter counterpart of an electron.
