Q1. If a capacitor is charged to a voltage of 5 V and then disconnected from the battery, what happens to the charge on the capacitor if the voltage is increased to 10 V? (2023)
Solution:
When the voltage is increased to 10 V, the charge on the capacitor increases because charge (Q) is directly proportional to voltage (V) for a given capacitance.
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Q2. A capacitor is charged to a potential of 12V and then disconnected from the battery. If the distance between the plates is doubled, what is the new potential difference? (2022)
Solution:
When the distance is doubled, the potential difference across the capacitor also doubles, resulting in 24V.
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Q3. In a capacitor, if the charge is doubled while the voltage remains constant, what happens to the capacitance? (2019)
Solution:
Capacitance (C) is defined as C = Q/V. If the charge (Q) is doubled while the voltage (V) remains constant, the capacitance also doubles.
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Q4. Which of the following statements is true regarding capacitors in parallel? (2022)
Solution:
For capacitors in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances: C_total = C₁ + C₂ + ...
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Q5. The potential energy stored in a capacitor is directly proportional to which of the following? (2023)
Solution:
The potential energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by U = 1/2 CV^2, which shows it is directly proportional to both charge and voltage.
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Q6. What happens to the capacitance of a capacitor if a dielectric material is introduced between its plates? (2021)
Solution:
The capacitance increases when a dielectric material is introduced, as it reduces the electric field between the plates.
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Q7. What is the electrostatic potential at a point due to a point charge Q located at a distance r from the charge? (2021)
Solution:
The electrostatic potential V at a distance r from a point charge Q is given by V = kQ/r, where k is Coulomb's constant.
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Q8. The energy stored in a capacitor is given by which of the following formulas? (2021)
Solution:
The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by the formula U = 1/2 CV^2, where C is capacitance and V is voltage.
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Q9. In a capacitor, if the plate area is increased while keeping the distance constant, what happens to the capacitance? (2023)
Solution:
Increasing the plate area while keeping the distance constant increases the capacitance, as capacitance is directly proportional to the area of the plates.
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Q10. Which of the following materials is commonly used as a dielectric in capacitors? (2023)
Solution:
Glass is commonly used as a dielectric material in capacitors due to its high dielectric constant and insulating properties.
