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Q1. Which of the following solutions has the highest boiling point elevation? (2020)
A
. 0.1 M NaCl
B
. 0.1 M KCl
C
. 0.1 M CaCl2
D
. 0.1 M MgCl2
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Solution:
Boiling point elevation is proportional to the number of particles in solution. CaCl2 dissociates into 3 ions (1 Ca²⁺ and 2 Cl⁻), giving the highest elevation.
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Q2. What is the osmotic pressure of a 0.5 M NaCl solution at 25°C? (R = 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol)) (2023)
A
. 12.3 atm
B
. 6.15 atm
C
. 3.07 atm
D
. 1.54 atm
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Solution:
Osmotic pressure (π) = iCRT = 2 * 0.5 * 0.0821 * 298 = 24.5 atm. Therefore, π = 6.15 atm.
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Q3. What is the vapor pressure of a solution containing 1 mole of solute in 10 moles of solvent, assuming ideal behavior? (2019)
A
. 0.1 P0
B
. 0.9 P0
C
. 0.5 P0
D
. 0.2 P0
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Solution:
Using Raoult's law, the vapor pressure of the solution = (moles of solvent / total moles) * P0 = (10 / 11) * P0 ≈ 0.909 P0.
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Q4. What is the vapor pressure of a solution containing 1 mole of solute in 9 moles of solvent, assuming ideal behavior? (2019)
A
. 0.1 P0
B
. 0.9 P0
C
. 0.5 P0
D
. 0.2 P0
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Solution:
Using Raoult's law, the vapor pressure of the solution = (moles of solvent / total moles) * P0 = (9 / 10) * P0 = 0.9 P0.
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Q5. What is the vapor pressure of a solution containing 2 moles of solute and 4 moles of solvent, assuming ideal behavior? (2022)
A
. 0.33 P0
B
. 0.50 P0
C
. 0.67 P0
D
. 0.75 P0
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Solution:
Vapor pressure = (moles of solvent / total moles) * P0 = (4 / (2 + 4)) * P0 = (4/6) * P0 = 0.67 P0.
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Q6. What is the freezing point depression of a solution containing 3 moles of KCl in 1 kg of water? (Kf for water = 1.86 °C kg/mol) (2022)
A
. 5.58 °C
B
. 3.72 °C
C
. 1.86 °C
D
. 7.44 °C
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Solution:
Freezing point depression = i * Kf * m = 3 * 1.86 * 3 = 5.58 °C (i = 2 for KCl).
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Q7. What is the osmotic pressure of a solution containing 2 moles of glucose in 1 liter of solution at 25 °C? (2021)
A
. 0.0821 atm
B
. 1.0 atm
C
. 2.0 atm
D
. 4.0 atm
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Solution:
Osmotic pressure (π) = iCRT = 1 * 2 * 0.0821 * 298 = 4.0 atm (i = 1 for glucose).
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Q8. What is the van 't Hoff factor (i) for a strong electrolyte like Na2SO4 in solution? (2023)
A
. 1
B
. 2
C
. 3
D
. 4
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Solution:
Na2SO4 dissociates into 3 ions (2 Na⁺ and 1 SO4²⁻), so i = 3.
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Q9. What is the vapor pressure of a solution containing 2 moles of solute and 3 moles of solvent, assuming ideal behavior? (2022)
A
. 0.4 P0
B
. 0.6 P0
C
. 0.2 P0
D
. 0.8 P0
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Solution:
Vapor pressure of solution = (moles of solvent / total moles) * P0 = (3 / (2 + 3)) * P0 = 0.6 P0.
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Q10. What is the osmotic pressure of a solution containing 0.5 moles of solute in 1 liter of solution at 25 °C? (R = 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol)) (2021)
A
. 12.3 atm
B
. 10.2 atm
C
. 8.2 atm
D
. 6.1 atm
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Solution:
Osmotic pressure (π) = nRT/V = (0.5 moles * 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol) * 298 K) / 1 L = 12.3 atm.
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