Human Physiology - Neural Control

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Q1. Which structure in the neuron is responsible for the generation of action potentials? (2019)

Solution:

The axon hillock is the part of the neuron where action potentials are generated.

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Q2. What is the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron? (2020)

Solution:

The resting membrane potential of a typical neuron is approximately -70 mV.

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Q3. What is the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system? (2019)

Solution:

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

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Q4. Which ion is primarily responsible for depolarization during an action potential? (2023)

Solution:

Sodium ions (Na+) rush into the neuron during depolarization, causing the membrane potential to become more positive.

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Q5. What is the function of the synaptic cleft? (2022)

Solution:

The synaptic cleft is the small gap between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released to facilitate communication.

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Q6. Which type of neuron carries signals away from the central nervous system? (2021)

Solution:

Motor neurons carry signals away from the central nervous system to muscles and glands.

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Q7. What is the primary function of the myelin sheath in neurons? (2021)

Solution:

The myelin sheath acts as an insulator and increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission through saltatory conduction.

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Q8. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons? (2020)

Solution:

Dendrites are the extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.

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Q9. Which structure in the neuron is responsible for transmitting impulses away from the cell body? (2019)

Solution:

The axon is the part of the neuron that transmits impulses away from the cell body.

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Q10. Which structure in the neuron is responsible for transmitting impulses to other neurons? (2019)

Solution:

The axon is responsible for transmitting impulses away from the cell body to other neurons.