Human Physiology - Digestion & Absorption

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Q1. What is the main site of protein digestion in the digestive system? (2021)

Solution:

Protein digestion primarily occurs in the stomach, where pepsin breaks down proteins into peptides.

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Q2. What is the main function of the pancreas in digestion? (2019)

Solution:

The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that help in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

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Q3. Which structure prevents the backflow of food from the stomach to the esophagus? (2020)

Solution:

The cardiac sphincter, also known as the lower esophageal sphincter, prevents the backflow of food from the stomach to the esophagus.

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Q4. What is the function of villi in the small intestine? (2019)

Solution:

Villi increase the surface area of the small intestine, enhancing the absorption of nutrients.

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Q5. Which enzyme is secreted by the pancreas to digest proteins? (2023)

Solution:

Trypsin is a proteolytic enzyme secreted by the pancreas that digests proteins in the small intestine.

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Q6. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the absorption of water? (2019)

Solution:

The large intestine is primarily responsible for the absorption of water and electrolytes.

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Q7. Which enzyme is responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth? (2021)

Solution:

Amylase is the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars in the mouth.

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Q8. Which of the following enzymes is secreted by the pancreas? (2020)

Solution:

Both amylase and trypsin are enzymes secreted by the pancreas to aid in digestion.

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Q9. What is the primary site of nutrient absorption in the digestive system? (2023)

Solution:

The small intestine is the primary site for the absorption of nutrients from digested food.

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Q10. What is the main function of the gastric acid in the stomach? (2019)

Solution:

Gastric acid activates digestive enzymes, particularly pepsinogen to pepsin, and helps in protein digestion.