Q1. Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for controlling respiration? (2022)
Solution:
The medulla oblongata is the part of the brain that controls the rhythm of breathing by sending signals to the respiratory muscles.
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Q2. Which of the following conditions can lead to decreased lung compliance? (2021)
Solution:
Pneumonia can lead to decreased lung compliance due to fluid accumulation in the alveoli, making it harder for the lungs to expand.
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Q3. Which of the following processes occurs during expiration? (2023)
Solution:
During expiration, the diaphragm relaxes and the intercostal muscles also relax, leading to a decrease in thoracic volume and expulsion of air from the lungs.
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Q4. Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange? (2020)
Solution:
Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.
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Q5. What is the normal respiratory rate for a healthy adult at rest? (2022)
Solution:
The normal respiratory rate for a healthy adult at rest is typically between 12 to 20 breaths per minute.
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Q6. Which respiratory process occurs in the alveoli? (2023)
Solution:
Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, where oxygen is absorbed into the blood and carbon dioxide is released from the blood.
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Q7. What is the function of the cilia in the respiratory tract? (2021)
Solution:
Cilia in the respiratory tract help to clear debris and pathogens by moving mucus upwards towards the throat.
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Q8. Which of the following is a common symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? (2023)
Solution:
Coughing is a common symptom of COPD, often accompanied by mucus production and difficulty breathing.
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Q9. What is the functional unit of the lung where gas exchange occurs? (2019)
Solution:
Alveoli are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
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Q10. Which of the following conditions can lead to respiratory acidosis? (2019)
Solution:
Hypoventilation leads to an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood, resulting in respiratory acidosis.
