Human Physiology - Breathing & Respiration

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Q1. Which respiratory process occurs in the alveoli? (2023)

Solution:

Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, where oxygen is absorbed into the blood and carbon dioxide is released from the blood.

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Q2. What is the term for the exchange of gases between the blood and body cells? (2023)

Solution:

Internal respiration refers to the exchange of gases between the blood and body cells, where oxygen is delivered and carbon dioxide is removed.

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Q3. During which phase of respiration does oxygen enter the bloodstream? (2019)

Solution:

Oxygen enters the bloodstream during inhalation when air is drawn into the lungs and diffuses across the alveolar membrane.

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Q4. Which of the following is a common symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? (2023)

Solution:

Coughing is a common symptom of COPD, often accompanied by mucus production and difficulty breathing.

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Q5. What is the primary function of surfactant in the lungs? (2020)

Solution:

Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse and making it easier for the lungs to expand during inhalation.

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Q6. During inhalation, the pressure in the thoracic cavity: (2022)

Solution:

During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and decreasing the pressure, allowing air to flow in.

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Q7. Which part of the brain regulates the rhythm of breathing? (2022)

Solution:

The medulla oblongata is the part of the brain that regulates the rhythm of breathing.

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Q8. Which of the following conditions can lead to impaired gas exchange in the lungs? (2021)

Solution:

Asthma can cause inflammation and constriction of the airways, leading to impaired gas exchange in the lungs.

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Q9. Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange? (2020)

Solution:

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.

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Q10. What is the primary function of the surfactant in the alveoli? (2019)

Solution:

Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse and aiding in gas exchange.