Human Physiology - Breathing & Respiration

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Q1. Which of the following is a common respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the airways? (2022)

Solution:

Asthma is a chronic condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty in breathing.

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Q2. What is the main function of alveoli in the lungs? (2019)

Solution:

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs, making them essential for respiration.

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Q3. Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for the majority of gas exchange? (2019)

Solution:

The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the majority of gas exchange occurs between air and blood.

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Q4. What is the main function of the respiratory system? (2020)

Solution:

The main function of the respiratory system is gas exchange, specifically the intake of oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide.

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Q5. What is the primary function of the alveoli? (2022)

Solution:

The primary function of the alveoli is gas exchange, where oxygen is absorbed into the blood and carbon dioxide is released.

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Q6. What is the function of the epiglottis during breathing? (2022)

Solution:

The epiglottis is a flap that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food and liquid from entering the airway.

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Q7. What is the functional unit of the lung where gas exchange occurs? (2019)

Solution:

Alveoli are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

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Q8. Which of the following conditions can lead to impaired gas exchange in the lungs? (2021)

Solution:

Asthma can cause inflammation and constriction of the airways, leading to impaired gas exchange in the lungs.

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Q9. Which of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory system? (2021)

Solution:

The esophagus is part of the digestive system, while the trachea, larynx, and bronchi are components of the respiratory system.

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Q10. Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating the rate of breathing? (2020)

Solution:

The medulla oblongata is responsible for regulating the rate and depth of breathing by sending signals to the respiratory muscles.