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Q1. Which of the following represents a homozygous dominant genotype? (2021)
Solution:
The genotype 'AA' represents a homozygous dominant individual.
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Q2. In Mendel's experiments, which trait was observed to be dominant over the other? (2018)
Solution:
In Mendel's experiments, yellow seed color was observed to be dominant over green seed color.
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Q3. What is the main purpose of a Punnett square? (2020)
Solution:
A Punnett square is used to predict the genetic variation and possible genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.
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Q4. Which of the following terms describes the physical appearance of an organism? (2023)
Solution:
The term 'phenotype' refers to the physical appearance of an organism.
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Q5. In a dihybrid cross, what is the expected phenotypic ratio? (2023)
Solution:
The expected phenotypic ratio in a dihybrid cross is 9:3:3:1.
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Q6. What is the probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring from a cross between two heterozygous parents? (2022)
Solution:
The probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring (aa) from a cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa) is 25%.
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Q7. In a cross between a red flowered plant (RR) and a white flowered plant (rr), what will be the color of the flowers in the F1 generation? (2019)
Solution:
The F1 generation will have red flowers since red is dominant over white.
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Q8. In humans, the allele for brown eyes (B) is dominant over the allele for blue eyes (b). What is the genotype of a person with blue eyes? (2019)
Solution:
A person with blue eyes must have the genotype bb, as blue is recessive.
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Q9. In a test cross, an individual of unknown genotype is crossed with which of the following? (2021)
Solution:
A test cross is performed by crossing an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual.
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Q10. Which of the following describes codominance? (2019)
Solution:
Codominance occurs when both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits.
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