Genetics & Evolution - Molecular Basis of Inheritance

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Q1. Which of the following is not a component of DNA? (2018)

Solution:

Ribose is not a component of DNA; it is found in RNA. DNA contains deoxyribose.

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Q2. Which of the following is a type of RNA that helps in the regulation of gene expression? (2020)

Solution:

miRNA (microRNA) is a type of RNA that plays a role in regulating gene expression by binding to mRNA.

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Q3. What is the primary function of the genetic code? (2020)

Solution:

The genetic code determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins, thus influencing their structure and function.

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Q4. Which of the following is a type of RNA that helps in the formation of ribosomes? (2018)

Solution:

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a type of RNA that is a key component of ribosomes, facilitating protein synthesis.

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Q5. What is the role of helicase in DNA replication? (2022)

Solution:

Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication.

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Q6. Which scientist is known for the structure of DNA? (2017)

Solution:

James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA.

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Q7. Which of the following is a purine? (2019)

Solution:

Adenine is a purine, which is one of the two types of nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids.

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Q8. What is the function of ribosomes in a cell? (2023)

Solution:

Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis.

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Q9. Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication? (2021)

Solution:

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix during the process of replication.

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Q10. What is the term for the observable characteristics of an organism? (2022)

Solution:

Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism, influenced by its genotype and environment.