Thermodynamics

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Q1. Which of the following processes is isochoric? (2023)

Solution:

An isochoric process is one that occurs at constant volume.

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Q2. For a monatomic ideal gas, the ratio of specific heats (γ) is approximately: (2019)

Solution:

For a monatomic ideal gas, γ = C_p/C_v = 5/3 = 1.67.

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Q3. In a Carnot engine operating between temperatures T1 and T2, what is the efficiency (η) of the engine? (2023)

Solution:

The efficiency of a Carnot engine is given by η = 1 - T2/T1.

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Q4. For an ideal gas, which law relates pressure, volume, and temperature? (2023) 2023

Solution:

The Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) relates pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) for an ideal gas.

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Q5. What is the change in internal energy for an ideal gas that expands isothermally? (2019)

Solution:

For an isothermal process, the change in internal energy (ΔU) for an ideal gas is zero, as ΔU depends only on temperature.

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Q6. What happens to the entropy of an isolated system? (2020) 2020

Solution:

According to the second law of thermodynamics, the entropy of an isolated system always increases over time.

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Q7. In a cyclic process, the net work done is equal to: (2020)

Solution:

In a cyclic process, the net work done is equal to the net heat added to the system, as the internal energy returns to its initial state.

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Q8. In a Carnot engine, the efficiency depends on which of the following? (2023)

Solution:

The efficiency of a Carnot engine is determined by the temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs, given by the formula η = 1 - (T_c/T_h).

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Q9. In an isothermal process, the temperature of the system remains: (2023)

Solution:

In an isothermal process, the temperature of the system remains constant.

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Q10. What happens to the temperature of a gas during an isothermal expansion? (2021)

Solution:

During an isothermal expansion, the temperature of the gas remains constant as the system absorbs heat to do work.