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Q1. In an ideal gas, what is the relationship between pressure and temperature at constant volume?
Solution:
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, pressure is directly proportional to temperature at constant volume.
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Q2. Which of the following processes is an example of heat transfer by conduction?
Solution:
Heating a metal rod is an example of heat transfer by conduction.
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Q3. What is the primary mechanism of heat transfer in fluids?
Solution:
The primary mechanism of heat transfer in fluids is convection.
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Q4. What is the entropy change when 1 mole of an ideal gas expands isothermally and reversibly from volume V1 to V2?
Solution:
The entropy change for an isothermal and reversible expansion is given by ΔS = R ln(V2/V1).
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Q5. What is the thermal expansion coefficient of a material?
Solution:
The thermal expansion coefficient is defined as the change in length per degree change in temperature.
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Q6. What is the change in entropy when 1 kg of ice at -10°C is converted to water at 0°C?
Solution:
The change in entropy during the melting of ice is approximately 333 J/K.
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Q7. In a Carnot engine, if the hot reservoir is at 500 K and the cold reservoir is at 300 K, what is the maximum efficiency?
Solution:
The maximum efficiency of a Carnot engine is given by 1 - (T_c/T_h), which is 1 - (300/500) = 0.4 or 40%.
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