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In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the electrophile?

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Question: In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the electrophile?

Options:

  1. HNO3
  2. H2SO4
  3. NO2+
  4. HCl

Correct Answer: NO2+

Solution: 

The electrophile in the nitration of benzene is the nitronium ion (NO2+), generated from the reaction of nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the electrophile?

Practice Questions

Q1
In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the electrophile?
  1. HNO3
  2. H2SO4
  3. NO2+
  4. HCl

Questions & Step-by-Step Solutions

In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the electrophile?
  • Step 1: Understand that nitration of benzene involves adding a nitro group (NO2) to the benzene ring.
  • Step 2: Identify the two acids used in this reaction: nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
  • Step 3: Recognize that these acids react together to produce the nitronium ion (NO2+), which is the electrophile needed for the reaction.
  • Step 4: Remember that the nitronium ion (NO2+) is a positively charged species that will attack the benzene ring.
  • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution – The process by which an electrophile reacts with an aromatic compound, such as benzene, to form a substituted product.
  • Generation of Electrophiles – Understanding how electrophiles are generated in reactions, specifically the formation of the nitronium ion from nitric and sulfuric acids.
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