In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the nitronium ion

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Question: In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the nitronium ion?

Options:

Correct Answer: H2SO4

Solution:

In the nitration of benzene, concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is used to generate the nitronium ion (NO2+) from nitric acid (HNO3).

In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the nitronium ion?

In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the nitronium ion?

Step 1: Understand that nitration of benzene is a chemical reaction where a nitro group (NO2) is added to benzene.
Step 2: Identify the reagents needed for this reaction. The main reagents are concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3).
Step 3: Know that concentrated sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in this reaction.
Step 4: Recognize that concentrated sulfuric acid helps to convert nitric acid into the nitronium ion (NO2+).
Step 5: The reaction that occurs is: HNO3 + H2SO4 → NO2+ + HSO4- + H2O.
Step 6: Conclude that the nitronium ion (NO2+) is generated from nitric acid (HNO3) using concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

Nitration of Benzene – The process of introducing a nitro group (NO2) into the benzene ring, typically involving the generation of the nitronium ion.
Reagents in Nitration – Understanding the role of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the generation of the nitronium ion.