What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the formula C5H10O?

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Question: What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the formula C5H10O?

Options:

Correct Answer: 2-Pentanone

Solution:

The compound C5H10O can be a ketone, and the longest carbon chain with the carbonyl group is 5 carbons long, making it 2-Pentanone.

What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the formula C5H10O?

What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the formula C5H10O?

Step 1: Identify the molecular formula C5H10O. This indicates that the compound contains 5 carbon atoms, 10 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom.
Step 2: Determine the functional group. The presence of the oxygen suggests it could be an alcohol, ether, or carbonyl compound (ketone or aldehyde).
Step 3: Check the degree of saturation. The formula CnH2nO indicates that it is likely a ketone because it fits the formula for a ketone (C=O) with no additional hydrogens that would indicate an alcohol.
Step 4: Identify the longest carbon chain. In this case, the longest chain has 5 carbon atoms.
Step 5: Determine the position of the carbonyl group (C=O). For a ketone, the carbonyl group is located between two carbon atoms, which in this case is at the second carbon of the chain.
Step 6: Combine the information to name the compound. The longest chain is pentane (5 carbons), and since the carbonyl group is on the second carbon, the name is 2-Pentanone.

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