Question: What is a frameshift mutation?

Options:

1. A mutation that changes one amino acid
2. A mutation that adds or removes nucleotides, altering the reading frame
3. A mutation that occurs in non-coding regions
4. A mutation that duplicates a segment of DNA

Correct Answer: A mutation that adds or removes nucleotides, altering the reading frame

Solution:

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are added or deleted from the DNA sequence, shifting the reading frame and potentially altering all downstream amino acids.