Which technique is used to separate DNA fragments by size?
Correct Answer: Gel electrophoresis
- Step 1: Prepare a gel, usually made of agarose, which will act as a filter for the DNA fragments.
- Step 2: Mix the DNA samples with a loading dye to make them visible and easier to handle.
- Step 3: Load the DNA samples into wells (small holes) in the gel.
- Step 4: Connect the gel to an electric current; DNA is negatively charged and will move towards the positive end.
- Step 5: As the electric current runs, smaller DNA fragments will move faster and farther through the gel than larger ones.
- Step 6: After a set amount of time, turn off the current and visualize the separated DNA fragments, usually by staining the gel.
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