Which of the following compounds shows both -I and +M effects?

Which of the following compounds shows both -I and +M effects?

Correct Answer: Benzaldehyde

Step 1: Understand what -I and +M effects are. -I (inductive effect) means a group pulls electrons away, while +M (mesomeric effect) means a group donates electrons through resonance.
Step 2: Identify the compound in question, which is benzaldehyde.
Step 3: Analyze the structure of benzaldehyde. It has a carbonyl group (C=O) and an aromatic ring (benzene).
Step 4: Determine the effects of the carbonyl group. The carbonyl group pulls electrons away from the rest of the molecule, showing a -I effect.
Step 5: Determine the effects of the aromatic ring. The aromatic ring can donate electrons through resonance, showing a +M effect.
Step 6: Conclude that benzaldehyde shows both -I and +M effects due to its structure.

No concepts available.