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If a moral thinker argues that actions are right if they promote happiness and w

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Question: If a moral thinker argues that actions are right if they promote happiness and wrong if they produce pain, which theory are they advocating?

Options:

  1. Deontology
  2. Utilitarianism
  3. Virtue Ethics
  4. Social Contract Theory

Correct Answer: Utilitarianism

Solution: 

Utilitarianism is the ethical theory that evaluates actions based on their consequences for overall happiness.

If a moral thinker argues that actions are right if they promote happiness and w

Practice Questions

Q1
If a moral thinker argues that actions are right if they promote happiness and wrong if they produce pain, which theory are they advocating?
  1. Deontology
  2. Utilitarianism
  3. Virtue Ethics
  4. Social Contract Theory

Questions & Step-by-Step Solutions

If a moral thinker argues that actions are right if they promote happiness and wrong if they produce pain, which theory are they advocating?
  • Step 1: Understand the question. It asks about a moral thinker who judges actions based on happiness and pain.
  • Step 2: Identify the key terms. The terms 'right actions' and 'wrong actions' are important.
  • Step 3: Recognize that promoting happiness is a positive outcome, while producing pain is a negative outcome.
  • Step 4: Connect these ideas to a known ethical theory. The theory that focuses on happiness and pain is called Utilitarianism.
  • Step 5: Conclude that the moral thinker is advocating for Utilitarianism, which evaluates actions based on their consequences for overall happiness.
  • Utilitarianism – An ethical theory that determines the rightness or wrongness of actions based on their outcomes, specifically in terms of promoting happiness and reducing pain.
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