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What happens to the vapor pressure of a solvent when a volatile solute is added?

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Question: What happens to the vapor pressure of a solvent when a volatile solute is added?

Options:

  1. It increases.
  2. It decreases.
  3. It remains the same.
  4. It becomes zero.

Correct Answer: It decreases.

Solution: 

The addition of a volatile solute decreases the vapor pressure of the solvent due to the presence of solute molecules.

What happens to the vapor pressure of a solvent when a volatile solute is added?

Practice Questions

Q1
What happens to the vapor pressure of a solvent when a volatile solute is added?
  1. It increases.
  2. It decreases.
  3. It remains the same.
  4. It becomes zero.

Questions & Step-by-Step Solutions

What happens to the vapor pressure of a solvent when a volatile solute is added?
Correct Answer: Vapor pressure decreases.
  • Step 1: Understand what vapor pressure is. Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by the vapor of a liquid when it is in equilibrium with its liquid phase.
  • Step 2: Know what a solvent is. A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute, forming a solution. In this case, the solvent is a liquid.
  • Step 3: Identify what a volatile solute is. A volatile solute is a substance that can easily evaporate and turn into vapor.
  • Step 4: Recognize that when a volatile solute is added to a solvent, the solute molecules mix with the solvent molecules.
  • Step 5: Understand that the presence of solute molecules reduces the number of solvent molecules that can escape into the vapor phase.
  • Step 6: Conclude that because fewer solvent molecules can escape, the vapor pressure of the solvent decreases.
  • Raoult's Law – The principle that the vapor pressure of a solvent is lowered when a non-volatile solute is added, and how this applies to volatile solutes.
  • Vapor Pressure – The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase.
  • Volatile Solute – A solute that has a significant vapor pressure and can affect the vapor pressure of the solvent.
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