What is the typical charge of DNA molecules during gel electrophoresis?

What is the typical charge of DNA molecules during gel electrophoresis?

Step 1: Understand that DNA is made up of building blocks called nucleotides.
Step 2: Recognize that each nucleotide has a phosphate group.
Step 3: Know that the phosphate group carries a negative charge.
Step 4: Realize that because of the negative charge from the phosphate groups, DNA molecules are negatively charged overall.
Step 5: Learn that during gel electrophoresis, DNA is placed in a gel and an electric current is applied.
Step 6: Understand that the negative charge of DNA causes it to move towards the positive electrode in the gel.

No concepts available.