In which of the following compounds does the inductive effect play a significant

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Question: In which of the following compounds does the inductive effect play a significant role?

Options:

Correct Answer: Acetic acid

Solution:

In acetic acid, the inductive effect of the –COOH group influences the acidity of the compound.

In which of the following compounds does the inductive effect play a significant role?

In which of the following compounds does the inductive effect play a significant role?

Correct Answer: Acetic Acid

Step 1: Understand what the inductive effect is. It is the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating effect of a substituent in a molecule.
Step 2: Identify the compounds given in the question. Look for functional groups that can influence acidity.
Step 3: Focus on acetic acid, which has a –COOH (carboxylic acid) group.
Step 4: Recognize that the –COOH group can withdraw electrons from the rest of the molecule, making it easier for the molecule to release a proton (H+).
Step 5: Conclude that in acetic acid, the inductive effect of the –COOH group significantly influences its acidity.

Inductive Effect – The inductive effect refers to the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating effects of substituents in a molecule, which can influence properties such as acidity and basicity.
Acidity of Compounds – The acidity of a compound is determined by its ability to donate protons (H+), which can be influenced by the presence of electronegative groups that stabilize the resulting anion.