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What type of reaction occurs when phenol is treated with sodium hydroxide?

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Question: What type of reaction occurs when phenol is treated with sodium hydroxide?

Options:

  1. Neutralization
  2. Esterification
  3. Saponification
  4. Nucleophilic substitution

Correct Answer: Nucleophilic substitution

Solution: 

Phenol reacts with sodium hydroxide in a nucleophilic substitution reaction to form phenoxide ion.

What type of reaction occurs when phenol is treated with sodium hydroxide?

Practice Questions

Q1
What type of reaction occurs when phenol is treated with sodium hydroxide?
  1. Neutralization
  2. Esterification
  3. Saponification
  4. Nucleophilic substitution

Questions & Step-by-Step Solutions

What type of reaction occurs when phenol is treated with sodium hydroxide?
Correct Answer: Nucleophilic substitution reaction
  • Step 1: Understand that phenol is a compound that contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a benzene ring.
  • Step 2: Recognize that sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base that can react with phenol.
  • Step 3: When phenol is mixed with sodium hydroxide, the hydroxide ion (OH-) from NaOH acts as a nucleophile.
  • Step 4: The nucleophile (OH-) attacks the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group in phenol.
  • Step 5: This results in the removal of the hydrogen atom from phenol, forming a phenoxide ion (C6H5O-).
  • Step 6: The overall reaction can be summarized as phenol + sodium hydroxide → phenoxide ion + water.
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