What is the geometry of the complex ion [Cu(NH3)4]2+?
Correct Answer: Square planar
- Step 1: Identify the central metal ion in the complex. In this case, it is Cu (copper).
- Step 2: Determine the oxidation state of the copper ion in [Cu(NH3)4]2+. The overall charge is +2.
- Step 3: Recognize that NH3 (ammonia) is a neutral ligand, meaning it does not contribute to the charge.
- Step 4: Since there are four NH3 ligands, the copper must be in the +2 oxidation state to balance the +2 charge of the complex.
- Step 5: Understand that copper(II) typically forms complexes with a coordination number of 4 or 6.
- Step 6: For a coordination number of 4, the common geometries are square planar and tetrahedral.
- Step 7: In this case, copper(II) with four NH3 ligands prefers a square planar geometry due to its d9 electron configuration.
- Step 8: Conclude that the geometry of the complex ion [Cu(NH3)4]2+ is square planar.
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