Step 1: Understand what a Zener diode is. It is a type of diode that allows current to flow in both directions, but mainly in reverse when a certain voltage is reached.
Step 2: Learn about voltage regulation. This means keeping the voltage at a certain level, even if the input voltage changes.
Step 3: Know that the Zener diode is used in circuits to maintain a stable voltage. When the voltage exceeds a specific level (called the Zener voltage), it allows current to flow in reverse.
Step 4: Realize that this reverse current helps to keep the voltage steady, protecting other components in the circuit from voltage spikes.
