What is the major product of the reaction of 1-bromobutane with sodium hydroxide

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Question: What is the major product of the reaction of 1-bromobutane with sodium hydroxide in ethanol? (2019)

Options:

Correct Answer: Butene

Exam Year: 2019

Solution:

The reaction of 1-bromobutane with sodium hydroxide in ethanol leads to elimination, forming butene as the major product.

What is the major product of the reaction of 1-bromobutane with sodium hydroxide in ethanol? (2019)

What is the major product of the reaction of 1-bromobutane with sodium hydroxide in ethanol? (2019)

Step 1: Identify the reactants. We have 1-bromobutane (a bromine atom attached to a four-carbon chain) and sodium hydroxide (a strong base).
Step 2: Recognize the solvent. The reaction takes place in ethanol, which can help facilitate elimination reactions.
Step 3: Understand the type of reaction. Sodium hydroxide can either substitute the bromine or eliminate it. In this case, it promotes elimination due to the presence of a strong base and the solvent used.
Step 4: Determine the elimination mechanism. The reaction will likely follow an E2 mechanism, where the base (OH-) removes a hydrogen atom from the carbon adjacent to the one with bromine, leading to the formation of a double bond.
Step 5: Identify the product. The elimination of HBr from 1-bromobutane results in the formation of butene, specifically 1-butene or 2-butene, with butene being the major product.

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