What type of reaction occurs when 1-chloropropane reacts with sodium cyanide? (2

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Question: What type of reaction occurs when 1-chloropropane reacts with sodium cyanide? (2023)

Options:

Correct Answer: Nucleophilic substitution

Exam Year: 2023

Solution:

The reaction between 1-chloropropane and sodium cyanide is a nucleophilic substitution reaction where the cyanide ion replaces the chlorine atom.

What type of reaction occurs when 1-chloropropane reacts with sodium cyanide? (2023)

What type of reaction occurs when 1-chloropropane reacts with sodium cyanide? (2023)

Step 1: Identify the reactants. We have 1-chloropropane, which has a chlorine atom attached to a propane chain, and sodium cyanide, which contains a cyanide ion (CN-).
Step 2: Understand what a nucleophilic substitution reaction is. In this type of reaction, a nucleophile (a species that donates an electron pair) attacks a carbon atom that is bonded to a leaving group (in this case, the chlorine atom).
Step 3: Recognize that the cyanide ion (CN-) is the nucleophile in this reaction. It will attack the carbon atom that is attached to the chlorine in 1-chloropropane.
Step 4: The chlorine atom is a leaving group. When the cyanide ion attacks the carbon, the chlorine atom leaves, and the cyanide ion takes its place.
Step 5: The result of this reaction is the formation of propanenitrile (also known as cyanopropane), where the chlorine atom has been replaced by the cyanide group.

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