In a Red-Black tree, what happens when a red node is inserted?

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Question: In a Red-Black tree, what happens when a red node is inserted?

Options:

Correct Answer: It may cause a violation of Red-Black properties.

Solution:

Inserting a red node may cause a violation of the Red-Black properties, requiring adjustments.

In a Red-Black tree, what happens when a red node is inserted?

In a Red-Black tree, what happens when a red node is inserted?

Step 1: Insert the new red node into the Red-Black tree as you would in a regular binary search tree.
Step 2: Check if the parent of the new red node is also red.
Step 3: If the parent is red, this violates the Red-Black property that states a red node cannot have a red parent.
Step 4: To fix this violation, check the color of the uncle node (the sibling of the parent).
Step 5: If the uncle is red, change the parent and uncle to black and the grandparent to red, then repeat the check from the grandparent.
Step 6: If the uncle is black or null, perform a rotation (left or right) and recolor nodes to restore the Red-Black properties.

Red-Black Tree Properties – A Red-Black tree is a balanced binary search tree with properties that include: every node is either red or black, the root is black, red nodes cannot have red children, and every path from a node to its descendant leaves must have the same number of black nodes.
Insertion Violations – Inserting a red node can lead to violations of the Red-Black properties, particularly the rule that a red node cannot have a red parent.
Rebalancing Operations – To restore the Red-Black properties after an insertion, rebalancing operations such as rotations and color flips may be necessary.