In an AC circuit, the average power consumed is given by which formula? (2022)

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Question: In an AC circuit, the average power consumed is given by which formula? (2022)

Options:

Correct Answer: P = VI cos(φ)

Exam Year: 2022

Solution:

The average power (P) consumed in an AC circuit is given by P = VI cos(φ), where φ is the phase angle between voltage and current.

In an AC circuit, the average power consumed is given by which formula? (2022)

In an AC circuit, the average power consumed is given by which formula? (2022)

Step 1: Understand that in an AC circuit, power can vary over time because the voltage and current change direction.
Step 2: Know that average power is the power consumed over a complete cycle of the AC waveform.
Step 3: Recognize that the formula for average power (P) in an AC circuit involves voltage (V), current (I), and the phase angle (φ).
Step 4: Remember the formula: P = VI cos(φ). Here, V is the voltage, I is the current, and cos(φ) accounts for the phase difference between voltage and current.
Step 5: Understand that cos(φ) is a value between 0 and 1, which adjusts the power based on how in sync the voltage and current are.

Average Power in AC Circuits – The average power consumed in an AC circuit is calculated using the formula P = VI cos(φ), where V is the voltage, I is the current, and φ is the phase angle between the voltage and current.
Phase Angle – The phase angle (φ) represents the difference in phase between the voltage and current waveforms, affecting the power factor and thus the average power consumed.
Power Factor – The term cos(φ) is known as the power factor, which indicates the efficiency of power usage in the circuit.