Question: Which of the following sentences contains a logical fallacy?

Options:

1. If it rains, the ground will be wet.
2. All birds can fly, so penguins are not birds.
3. Some fruits are sweet, like apples.
4. If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

Correct Answer: All birds can fly, so penguins are not birds.

Solution:

The statement about birds incorrectly generalizes that all birds can fly, which is false.