Correct Answer: Power factor = Real power (P) / Apparent power (S)
Step 1: Understand that an AC circuit is a type of electrical circuit where the current changes direction periodically.
Step 2: Know that power in an AC circuit can be divided into two types: real power (P) and apparent power (S).
Step 3: Real power (P) is the power that actually does useful work, like lighting a bulb or running a motor.
Step 4: Apparent power (S) is the total power that flows in the circuit, which includes both real power and reactive power (power that does not do useful work).
Step 5: The power factor is a number that tells us how much of the apparent power is being used effectively as real power.
Step 6: The formula for power factor is: Power Factor = Real Power (P) / Apparent Power (S).
Step 7: A power factor of 1 means all the power is being used effectively, while a lower power factor means less efficiency.
