For a reaction at equilibrium, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is equal to:

For a reaction at equilibrium, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is equal to:

Step 1: Understand what equilibrium means in a chemical reaction. It is the point where the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate.
Step 2: Know that Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is a measure of the energy available to do work in a system.
Step 3: Realize that at equilibrium, the system has reached a state where there is no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products.
Step 4: Recognize that when a system is at equilibrium, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is zero. This means that the system is stable and not moving in either direction.
Step 5: Understand that a ΔG of zero indicates that the system is at maximum entropy, meaning it is in the most disordered state possible under the given conditions.

Gibbs Free Energy – Gibbs free energy (G) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the maximum reversible work obtainable from a system at constant temperature and pressure.
Equilibrium – At equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products.
Entropy – Entropy (S) is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system, and at equilibrium, the system is at maximum entropy.