Which of the following is the correct order of acidity for the following compoun

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Question: Which of the following is the correct order of acidity for the following compounds: phenol, ethanol, and water?

Options:

Correct Answer: Phenol > Water > Ethanol

Solution:

Phenol is more acidic than water, which is more acidic than ethanol due to the stability of the phenoxide ion.

Which of the following is the correct order of acidity for the following compounds: phenol, ethanol, and water?

Which of the following is the correct order of acidity for the following compounds: phenol, ethanol, and water?

Step 1: Understand what acidity means. Acidity refers to how easily a compound can donate a proton (H+).
Step 2: Identify the compounds we are comparing: phenol, ethanol, and water.
Step 3: Look at the structure of each compound. Phenol has a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a benzene ring, ethanol has a hydroxyl group attached to an ethyl group, and water is H2O.
Step 4: Consider the stability of the ions formed when each compound donates a proton. When phenol donates a proton, it forms a phenoxide ion, which is stabilized by resonance.
Step 5: When water donates a proton, it forms a hydroxide ion (OH-), which is less stable than the phenoxide ion.
Step 6: When ethanol donates a proton, it forms an ethoxide ion, which is also less stable than the phenoxide ion.
Step 7: Compare the stability of the ions: phenoxide ion (from phenol) is the most stable, followed by hydroxide ion (from water), and then ethoxide ion (from ethanol).
Step 8: Conclude the order of acidity: phenol is more acidic than water, and water is more acidic than ethanol.

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