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What is the primary effect of a -CN group on a benzene ring?
What is the primary effect of a -CN group on a benzene ring?
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Practice Questions
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Q1
What is the primary effect of a -CN group on a benzene ring?
+M effect
-M effect
+I effect
-I effect
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-CN exhibits a -M effect as it withdraws electron density through resonance.
Questions & Step-by-step Solutions
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Q
Q: What is the primary effect of a -CN group on a benzene ring?
Solution:
-CN exhibits a -M effect as it withdraws electron density through resonance.
Steps: 5
Show Steps
Step 1: Understand what a benzene ring is. It is a circular arrangement of six carbon atoms with alternating double bonds.
Step 2: Learn about the -CN group, which is called a cyano group. It consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom.
Step 3: Recognize that the -CN group can affect the electron density of the benzene ring.
Step 4: Identify that the -CN group has a -M effect, meaning it withdraws electron density from the benzene ring.
Step 5: Understand that this withdrawal happens through a process called resonance, where the electrons are redistributed.
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