Which of the following factors does NOT affect the angle of internal friction (φ

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the angle of internal friction (φ) of a soil?

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the angle of internal friction (φ) of a soil?

Step 1: Understand what the angle of internal friction (φ) is. It is a measure of how much resistance soil has to sliding or shearing.
Step 2: Identify the factors that can affect the angle of internal friction. These include particle shape, moisture content, and density.
Step 3: Recognize that soil color is not related to the physical properties that influence the angle of internal friction.
Step 4: Conclude that among the options given, soil color does NOT affect the angle of internal friction (φ).

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