Question: Which substituent is a strong +I and +M director?
Options:
-NO2
-OH
-CN
-COOH
Correct Answer: -OH
Solution:
-OH is a strong +I and +M director due to its ability to donate electron density through resonance.
Which substituent is a strong +I and +M director?
Practice Questions
Q1
Which substituent is a strong +I and +M director?
-NO2
-OH
-CN
-COOH
Questions & Step-by-Step Solutions
Which substituent is a strong +I and +M director?
Step 1: Understand what +I and +M directors are. +I (inductive effect) means the substituent donates electron density through sigma bonds, while +M (mesomeric effect) means it donates electron density through resonance.
Step 2: Identify the substituent in the question, which is -OH (hydroxyl group).
Step 3: Recognize that -OH has lone pairs of electrons that can be shared with the aromatic ring, allowing it to donate electron density through resonance (+M effect).
Step 4: Note that -OH also has an electronegative oxygen atom that can pull electron density through sigma bonds, making it a strong +I director as well.
Step 5: Conclude that -OH is a strong +I and +M director because it effectively donates electron density both through resonance and inductive effects.
No concepts available.
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